Pump.



E. Wl'. CEREM@ rammed Aug. 1o, 1909.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

-E W. CHRISTIE.

PUMP.

APPLIUATION FILED MAR.22,19 09.

Patented Aug. 10, 1909 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

in order to produce a f ance spaces are positively eliminated whereimproved vacuum pump. Fig. 2 is i eenliewaren, in the 'county of Middlesex and aetinge'teani cylinder however, it irs i'neehunports, a piston, means whereby the same is 'operating the discharge valve in the other EVI WILLSON CHRSTIE, 0F SEWAREN, NEW JERSEY.v

No. eeoese.-

,Apeiioion um innen 22,

Speeicaton of Letters Potent.

ntented 1G, 1999..

ieee. anni Ne. mme

To all whom it may tio/zwem:

ABe 1t known that I, Evi l/V. CHRISTIE, ay citizen ot the United States, residing at State of New J'esey, have invented an Iniprovement in Pumps, of which the tollenv` ing is e specification.

` Thisinvention relates to 'pumpe and particularly-,to that. class ot' pumps commonly designated Vacuum pumps oi the vuiivelees suctiontype. l "l `It has long heen recognized in pump design. and in the art relating to pumps, that hioh Vacuum or as complete an exhaustion oi the air Cylinder in ain air pump as is possible', the clearance vice lend the valves or otherl discharge devices must be as nearly the zero percentage of the puinp cylinder' volume is possible, and lieijetoforeit has been sought to eeeoniplieh this by using a crank to drive the piston *with a very eiinill. clearance :it the end of the Stroke. ln the driving of an aiil` pump :is heretofore constructed by u direct ically impossible to ei'eet a very close elearaniee, because the stroke varies more or lees, due. to the action of the steam gear.

Now the object of my invention is 'the pro' vision of an air pump in which the elearby th-e vacuum is increased for the reasons hereiiibefore stated and aniaxiiiuni efficiency obtained in the pump, and furthen more the inevitable" variations in the Stroke of a pump of this type would not atleet the operation of a pninp Constineled in aee'oidance withmy invention.

In wrijving out my invention, my iin-' proved pump preferably eoiiiprise,l it base, a pump body having suction and discharge actuated, a discharge valve operated in one direction byl direct Contact with andthe movement of the sind piston, and means for (lirection,-as will be hereinafter more pan tieularly described.

In thedrawing, Figure l is a plnii of my trail llonlgfitudii:al vertical section of the pump. l4`ig'. 3 is a cross Section oi'i line ai, re, Fig 2, and Fig. i is a central vertical section of a modification of the inventioi'i as illustrated in Figs. l to S ii'ielusi've.

` viren ble iiieteri al.

Referring particularly te the drawing, in constructing my improved air pump, l preferably provide e, base l0, and :i puinp body l1 to which the hase ma7 he suitably attached or with which the base .may be inode integral as Shown in 2 and 3. The pump body .ll is open ended and at one end thereof thee is a flange 1Q, and at the other end a eii'nilar sind Corresponding o flange 13.

Extending from one end of the pump body to the other and preferably inthe upper entiul portion thereof and runninglongitudinally is u wall le, und extending preferably at right angles from the central poi'- tio'ri of the longitudinal well 14 end in diametrienlly opposite positions, there are transverse walls 1.5. In the transverse walls 15 there ere discharge ports 16 eonnnunieait` 7 ing with the discharge chambers l? provided b v the longitudinal will 14. Extend` .ingv preferably through the center of the dieelierge elunnliers 1i' is n wall 18 which ie iaiei of other ronfigni'ation voniniunieating with the Suction connection 1E).

illfithiii the pump body il l employ a lining 20 comprising the pump cylinder "which, aS will he understood,` may be made of an)7 suit- Approximately centrali y this 8 cylinder 2O is provided with u recess forming a port 2l rovidingj foi"eon'nnnnieation'he tiveen the interior of the cylinder 20 ,a'nd the sim-tion connection lll. At one end the-e3*- lif der 2O is pioifided With a iiange 22 forming ii, valve seat and at the opposite end the eylin der 20 i'iiovidtxl with a similar flange 2 also forming! a vulve Soni'. lWithin the o ylinder Q0 there is ay piston Q4 and this; piston 2l is preferably so consti-noted :is lo have out\\'aidl vextending eonioiil end walls Q53, 2G, i ieetively, und centrally the piston is provided wilh- :1 wall 2T which is preferably circular in section forming a eentral bore within the piston vfliirli is open at one end. 29 indicates the piston' rod Whieh extends through the said here provided hy the wall. 27 and. at one extremity the piston rod 29 in provided with n reduced sereiv three ded end p 'which passes through the end wail Si of the i pieton and is secured thereto by the nut 8() or otlieiuviee7 the Said rod passing through .the bore in the piston .so that there in an annular Space formed between the saine and the circular wall Q 0n one end the pump is provided with a rover 32 so constructed as to lhave outwardly from one end to the other thereof.

extending conical walls 33 and a flange- 3a adapted Ato abut against the flange l2 and to be connected to the pump body in any suitable manner known to the art. Interio-rly the cover 32 is provided with a centrallydis- -posed annular wall 35. The other or rod valve stem which surrounds the piston rod 29 as indicated, there are scored pfntions so as to provide a co1ninnnication between the annular space 2S and the annular space 53- between the piston rod 2U and the inner surface of the in fard extension 47, the annular wall`39 being provided with an aperture 51, so that there is free commimication between the discharge chambersand these annular spaces so that no unnecessary power in driving the pump will be consumed in either creating or tending to create a vacuum or compression of any gases or vapors within the said annular spaces. The valve l5 is f also provided witha circular rib t9 whose On the blank or non-rod end of the pump `I employ a cylinder cover valve indicated at Ll1. The walls of this valve are conical and the angle of inclination is preferablyl the same as that of the conical'end wall 25 of the piston 24, the periphery oredge of the cylinder cover valve being adapted to seat against the valve seat 22. 451 is provided with a stem l2 which is preferably hollow and open at one end and adapted'to tit within the aperture provided in the annular 'all and on the exterior surface or' the valve 4l l preferably provide a circular rib 43, the diameter of which is preferably slightly in excess of the outer diameter of the annular wall 35. Extending between the recess formed by the rib 43 and the adjacent outer surface or' the valve Lll and the recess formed by the outer surface of the annular wall 35 and the adjacent inner surface of the conical wall 33 of the cover 32 is a helical spring al. Similarly on the opposite or rodend .of the pump l employ a cylinder cover valve 45. This valve similar to the valve Ill, is conical and the inclination of the walls thereof is the same as that of the wall 2o of the piston 24 and the periphery or edge of the valve is adapted to seatI against the valve seat 23. The cylinder cover valve 4-5 is also provided with a tubular stem, one portion fill thereol`l` extending beyond the apex ot' the valve and adapted to lit and slide within the recess provided therefor in the annular wall 39 and the other portion 41:7 of the tubular stem extends inwardly from the valve 45 and into the annular space 2S provided between the piston rod 29 and the central wall 27 of the piston 24, litting the same and is provided with a suitable packing 8in order to form a tight joint between the outer surface of the inward extension 47 of this valve stem and the inner surface of the wall 27.

'lhe piston rod 29, as will be understood, extends through the stem of the valve l5 At the inner extremity of .the portion 47 of this The cover valve diameter is slightly in excess of the outer diameter of the annular wall, 39 and extending between the recess formed by' the rib /lll and the adjacent outer surface ol the valve -l and the recess 'formed by the outer sur face or' the annular wall 3l) and the adjacent inner surface of the inclined walls 37 ol the cover' member 36, there is also a helical spring 50.

Now in the operation of the pump as hereinbelore described, assuming that the parts are at the end olf a stroke irom right lo lett, and at the beginning ot the stroke from lett to right, it will beV app ent that the valve l-l is open; that thc valve Aih is closed. and that the right hand portion ol the c vlindcr L() is opened by way of the port 2l to the suction connection lll. After the piston has started its travel from left to right, the valve l-l following up the pieton," will be returned therewith-by the action of the spring ll until this valve' is seated on its valve seat 22; thereafter and after the forward edge of the piston 2l has ed over the port il, the gases and vapors contained in the right hand portion oi' ihe cylinder will be compressed under the continued movement of the piston. i'ron'i lett to rit/,lit` the piston, as will be understood, paseing over the inward extension l? oi the valve 415. The pressure exerted by the pistou on the gases and vapors contained in the cylinder, will lorcc the valve if open, pcrniiiting the gradual escape of the gases and vapors. This condition maintains until the contents o'l' the right hand end of the cjJliialcr are entirely discharged, when the wall irl olf the piston 2l contacts directly with the amical walls of the valve 45. These juxtaposed conical vvalls coming into contact with each other before the end otl the slrolte squeeze ont all the intervening gases and vapors. (hereby eliminating all clearance epa( fi. and causing a complete discharge of.' the cylinder. rlhe contact relationship between the conical end wall of the piston and the walls of the lischarge valve maintains from The moment it is effected unlil the end of the stroke and lllli endet the pump there 50 vided with an annular rece 'oscene ileseat, and manifestly the same operation takes place at the other end of the pump.

' Referring particularly to Fig. 4, the pump .illustrated therein embodies my l.Ei 4vention as incor iorated in a vertical pump in which the bo y of the pump is indicated at 53, wherein is provided a suction 54 and a longitudinal wall 55 providing for a discharge chamber 5G from which at the `upper is a discharge ccn- ,-nection 57. The cylinder or lining in lthis construction is preferably made in two parts indicated at 59, 60, respectively, the adj aoent `ends of which extend into the space provided, 'bv

the wall 58 forming a suction chamber. .l ln this construction the pistonis illustrated at 6l and the end walls 62, 63, thereof are preferably inclined in the same direction and et the same angle. This piston is also :constructed with a central circular wall 64 and at its upper-.end this Wall is continued to iiorm a stemfasindicated at 65. 66 represents a piston rod i which passes into the bore 'formed bvl the wall G4 and is suitably con- '25 nected to the piston. The lower end of the pump is provided with a cover G7 vand the pump is mounted'on' a suitable base 68 or otherwise. At this end ofthe pump there is a valve 69 which is conical in configura- 39 tion, the Walls thereof being at the same inclination as the wall 620i the'piston and the otherassociatedparts at this end of the pump are in all respects similar to those described in yconnection withthe blank or nonrodend of the pump shown in Figs. l to 3 inclusive. The valve 74: at the upper end of the pump isalso conical, the walls thereof extending inwardly or downwardly instead of outwardly as described in connection with 40 Figsgl to 3 inclusive and the. inclination of the conical walls' of this valve 74 is the same as that of the end wall 63 of the piston. The `valve 74 ,is provided with a stem 70 thi-oooh which and spaced apart therefrom the piston rod 66 passes, this stem passing into and sliding'within the annular space formed between the piston rod and the stem "G5 in the central wall 64. In the other or uppe-rside of the valve 'T4 the stem is pro- 's 7l. into which ein (i5 passes in es lwill he uiulcrstood, the

the upward stroke of the pump and the valve 7l is normally maintained against :its seat on the end of the cylinder 59 by means 6.5 ol a spring 73 which extends between the upper or outer surface' o'tf the valve and `the inncnfacc ot the covci' 72, which in this in .stanco is made fiat and whichl construction, as will be understood, necessitates thc downward inclination of the walls oi Ithe valve 74 and the end Wallstdot' thcipiston. The operation of this modification of the invention is in all respects'similar to that hereinbefore described in' connection with the pic present in-` suction and discharge ports, a valve seat in the end of said cylinder ,a piston within said cylinder, a piston rod, a valve adapted to'seat on the seat at the end of said cylinder7 alvalve stem passing into said piston and upon which the same slides, and means for returning the said valve to its seat and normally maintaining the same in posit-ion thereon.

2. ln a Vacuum pump, a cylinder having' a central intake and a valve seat on each end thereof, a piston having a tubular ccnter movable through said cylinder and haveA centerv of the piston, guides for said valves,

and means for normally maintaii'iing said valves on their seats.

3. A vacuum pump comprising a base, a pump body having suction and discharge connections, end or cover members for the said pump body having outwardly extending conical walls, an open ended cylinder in said pump body having a ort therein in communication with the said suction connection, a piston in said cylinder, means whereby the-piston is actuated, a discharge valve adapted to scat against the end of thc said cylinder and to be opencd'by the action of the said piston, a stem connected to the said discharge valve, an annular wall within one of the said cover' members and within which the said valve stem operates, a circular rib on the outer surface of the said valve and .a spring fitting within the said circular rib and extending between the saine and the inner surface of the conical walls of the said end member. l

4. A vacuum pump comprising a base, a pump body having suction and discharge connections, end or cover members for the said pump body having outwardly extending conicalwalls, an open ended cylinder in saidv pump body having a port therein com` municating with the said suction connection, a piston iu the said cylinder havingan out` 'wardly extending conical end wall, means whereby said piston is actuated, a conical discharge valve adaptedvto seat against the cud of the said cylinder, and thc inclination of the walls of which arc/at thc same anglo that of' the said conical end wall of the piston, a tubular stein extending outwardly from the apex of the saidconical discharge valve, an annula'r wall extending inwardly from the conical wall oflone of thc said end members and Within which the said stem is adapted to operate, va circular rib on the outer surface ofthe said discharge rvalve and a spring yextending between the outer surface ot the said discharge valve within the said circular rib and the inner surface yof thevconical walls of the said end member and by which the said discharge valve is closed. n

5. A vacuum pump comprising a base, a pump body having suction and dischargeI connections, ends or covers for the said .pump body, a cylinder within the said pump body and having a port therein in communicatlon with the said suetlon connection, a

piston within the said cylinder and having 4cylinder and the inclination of, the walls ott which are at the same angle as that of the said eonicalend Wall oit the said piston, a stem connected to the said discharge valve surrounding the said piston rod and extending into the said annular space between the said piston rod and the said circular wall in the piston, and means for closing the said discharge valve.

G. A vacuum pump comprisingl a base, a pump body having suction and discharge connections, ends or covers for the said 'pump body, a cylinder within the said pump body and having a port therein in communication with the said suction connection, a piston within the said cylinder and having a conical end wall and a central circular wall forming a longitudinal bore therein, a piston rod extending through the said bore and connected to the said piston so that there is an annular space between the said central circular wall and the said piston rod within the piston, a conical discharge valve adapted to seat against the end of said cylinder and the inclination ot the walls ot which are at the same anOle as that of the said conical end wall 'of he said piston, a tubular stem connected to the said discharge valve and extending both forwardly and rearwardly thereof, the rearwardly extending portion passing into the said annular space between the piston rod and the circular wall of' the piston, an annular wall extending inwardly trem one ot the said end members and adapted to receive the torwardly extending portion of the said tubular valve stem, a circular rib on the 'Outer surface of the said valve and-a helical spring extending between the recess formed by the said circular rib and the adjacent outer surface of the said discharge valve and the recesstormed by the said annular inwardly extending wall and the adjacent inner surface of the said end member.

7. A vacuum pump comprising a. hase, a pump body having suction and discharge connections, end or cover members ter the pump body, each having outwardly extending conical walls, an open ended cylinder within the said pump body and having a port. therein providing communication between the interior of the said cylinder and the said suction connection, a piston within the said cylinder and having outwardly extending conical end walls and a central longitudinal circular wall providing a bore therein, a piston rod extending th'rough the bore formed by the. said central wall of the piston and secured thereto, whereby there. is provided an annular space between the said piston rod and the said central wall of :he

piston, a conical discharge valve at the nonrod end of the pump, the walls of which are at the same inclination a's the adjacent end Yall of the piston with which the said discharge valve is adapted to contact, means in which the said discharge valve operates, means for closing the said discharge valve and for normally maintaining the same against its seat, a conical discharge valve at the rod end of the pump,`the walls of which are at the same inclination as those of the adjacent.l end wall ot thepiston, with which the same contacts, a tubular valve stem connected to the last aforesaid discharge valve extending both inwardly and outwardly of the said discharge valve and surrounding the said piston rod, the said inwardly extending portion ot the said tubular stem passing into the said annular space between the said piston rod and 'the said central wall of the piston, an annular wall eXtendinO inwa'i'dly tromlhe cover at the rod end ols the pump and .in which the said outwardly eX- tending portion ol the valve stem operates, and means for 'closing the last aforesaid discharge valve and normally maintaining the same against its seat.

Signed by .me this 13th day of March, 9

EVI VILLSON CHRISTIE.

liVit-nesses y ARTHUR H. SERRELL, BmrrHA M. ALLEN. 

